Câu hỏi của Fire Sky - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath Em tham khảo tại link này nhé!

\(y\left(x+1\right)^2=-x^2+2018x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{-x^2+2018x-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=-1+\dfrac{2020x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2020x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\in Z\)

Mà x và \(x\left(x+2x\right)+1\) nguyên tố cùng nhau

\(\Rightarrow2020⋮\left(x+1\right)^2\)

Ta có 2020 chia hết cho đúng 2 số chính phương là 1 và 4

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2=1\\\left(x+1\right)^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\left\{0;1\right\}\) \(\Rightarrow y\)

b.

Từ pt đầu:

\(x^2+xy-2y^2+2\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-2y-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thế xuống dưới ...

Ta có Pt 

<=> \(x^2+x-2+2y^2-2xy^2+y-xy=1\)

<=> \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)+2y^2\left(1-y\right)+y\left(1-y\right)=1\)

<=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2-2y^2-y\right)=1\)

vì x,y là các số nguyên ..,. xét ước của 1 là xong 

^_^

p/s : t vt nhầm tí, đoạn nhóm nhân tử phải là x-1 nhá, dạo này lú quá ^^

a, \(x^2+2=2\sqrt{x^2+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+1-2\sqrt{x^2+1}+1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}-1=0\)\(\Rightarrow x^2+1=1\Rightarrow x=0\)

b,\(x^2+x+2y^2+y=2xy^2+xy+3\)

\(\Rightarrow2xy^2+xy-x^2-x-2y^2-y+3=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2y^2\left(x-1\right)+y\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)+1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2y^2+y-x-2\right)=-1=1\cdot\left(-1\right)=\left(-1\right)\cdot1\)

đoạn sau bạn tự giái tiếp nhé

a) \(x^2+2=2\sqrt{x^2+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)^2=\left(2\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+4x^2+4=4x^2+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)

a/ \(x^2+2=2\sqrt{x^3+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)^2=4\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)

Ta có:

\(x^2-2xy+2y^2-2x+6y+5=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+y^2-2\left(x-y\right)+4y+5\)

\(=\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=1\\y=-2\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y+1=-1\\y=-2\end{cases}}}\)

\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\Rightarrow0< a\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(P=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}+2}{\dfrac{x}{y}+1}=\dfrac{a^2-2a+2}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2-8a+8}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{4a^2-13a+3+5\left(a+1\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\)

\(P=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{\left(1-4a\right)\left(3-a\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)

\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)

\(P=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{1+\dfrac{y}{x}}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a+1}=2a-4+\dfrac{5}{a+1}\)

\(P=\dfrac{a+1}{5}+\dfrac{5}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{5}.a-\dfrac{21}{5}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(a+1\right)}{5\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{5}.4-\dfrac{21}{5}=5\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)